Librería os.path (manipulaciones comunes del pathname)#

Última modificación: Mayo 13, 2022

[1]:

import os.path

[2]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the base name of pathname path.
#
os.path.basename('/tmp/user/text.txt')

[2]:

'text.txt'

[3]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the longest common sub-path of each pathname in the sequence paths.
#
os.path.commonpath(
    [
        '/tmp/user/text0.txt',
        '/tmp/user/text1.txt',
    ]
)

[3]:

'/tmp/user'

[4]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the longest path prefix (taken character-by-character) that is a
# prefix of all paths in list.
os.path.commonprefix(
    [
        '/tmp/user/text0.txt',
        '/tmp/user/text1.txt',
    ]
)

[4]:

'/tmp/user/text'

[5]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the directory name of pathname path.
#
os.path.dirname('/tmp/user/text.txt')

[5]:

'/tmp/user'

[6]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return True if path refers to an existing path or an open file descriptor.
#
os.path.exists('/tmp/user/text.txt')

[6]:

False

[7]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# On Unix and Windows, return the argument with an initial component of ~ or
# ~user replaced by that user’s home directory.
#
os.path.expanduser('~')

[7]:

'/root'

[8]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the argument with environment variables expanded.
#
os.path.expandvars('$PATH')

[8]:

'/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'

[9]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the time of last access of path.
#
!touch '/tmp/demo.txt'
os.path.getatime('/tmp/demo.txt')

[9]:

1650556566.2562885

[10]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return True if path is an absolute pathname.
#
display(
    os.path.isabs('./demo.txt'),
    os.path.isabs('/tmp/demo.txt'),

)

False

True

[11]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return True if path is an existing regular file.
#
os.path.isfile('/tmp/demo.txt')

[11]:

True

[12]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return True if path is an existing directory.
#
os.path.isdir('/tmp/demo.txt')

[12]:

False

[13]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Join one or more path components intelligently.
#
os.path.join('/tmp', 'demo', 'a.txt')

[13]:

'/tmp/demo/a.txt'

[14]:

os.path.join('/tmp', 'demo/', 'a.txt')

[14]:

'/tmp/demo/a.txt'

[15]:

os.path.join('/tmp', '/demo/', 'a.txt')

[15]:

'/demo/a.txt'

[16]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# solo cambia los caracteres en windows
#
os.path.normcase('/tmp/FILE.txt')

[16]:

'/tmp/FILE.txt'

[17]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Normalize a pathname by collapsing redundant separators and up-level
# references so that A//B, A/B/, A/./B and A/foo/../B all become A/B.
#
os.path.normpath('/tmp//./FILE.txt')

[17]:

'/tmp/FILE.txt'

[18]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Return the canonical path of the specified filename, eliminating any symbolic
# links encountered in the path
#
os.path.realpath('FILE.txt')

[18]:

'/workspace/the_python_tutorial_10_brief_tour_of_the_standard_library/FILE.txt'

[19]:

os.path.realpath('./FILE.txt')

[19]:

'/workspace/the_python_tutorial_10_brief_tour_of_the_standard_library/FILE.txt'

[20]:

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Split the pathname path into a pair, (head, tail) where tail is the last
# pathname component and head is everything leading up to that.
#
os.path.split('/tmp/system/demo.txt')

[20]:

('/tmp/system', 'demo.txt')