Librería os (Interfaces al sistema operativo)#

Última modificación: Mayo 14, 2022

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import os

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# getcwd(): get current working directory
#
cwd = os.getcwd()
cwd

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'/workspace/python_advanced'

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# chdir(path): Change the current working directory to path.
#
os.chdir('/tmp')
os.getcwd()

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'/tmp'

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os.chdir(cwd)
os.getcwd()

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'/workspace/python_advanced'

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# listdir(path='.'): Return a list containing the names of the entries in the directory given by path.
#
os.listdir()

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['.DS_Store', '.ipynb_checkpoints', '1-02_os.ipynb']

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os.listdir("/root")

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['.profile', '.bashrc', '.local', '.jupyter', '.ipython', '.cache']

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# mkdir(path): Create a directory named path.
#
os.mkdir('./demo')
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
demo

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# makedirs(name): Recursive directory creation function.
#
os.makedirs('./branch-0/branch-1/branch-2')

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# remove(path): Remove (delete) the file path. If path is a directory, an IsADirectoryError is raised.
#
!touch delete.me
!ls

1-02_os.ipynb  branch-0  delete.me  demo

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os.remove('delete.me')
!ls

1-02_os.ipynb  branch-0  demo

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Remove (delete) the empty directory path.
#
os.rmdir("demo")
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
branch-0

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# removedirs(name)
#
os.removedirs('branch-0/branch-1/branch-2')
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# rename(src, dst): Rename the file or directory src to dst.  Fails if dst exists!
#
!touch rename.me
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
rename.me

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os.rename('rename.me', 'renamed')
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
renamed

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# replace(src, dst): Rename the file or directory src to dst.
#
!echo "content of rename.me" > rename.me
!echo "content of renamed" > renamed
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
rename.me
renamed

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os.replace('rename.me', 'renamed')
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
renamed

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!cat renamed

content of rename.me

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# rmdir(path): Remove (delete) the empty directory path.
#
os.makedirs('./branch-0/branch-1/branch-2')
!ls -1

1-02_os.ipynb
branch-0
renamed

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# environ: retorna las variables de ambiente
#
os.environ

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environ{'HOSTNAME': '944a418c8e87',
        'PWD': '/workspace',
        'HOME': '/root',
        'LANG': 'C.UTF-8',
        'TERM': 'xterm-color',
        'SHLVL': '0',
        'PATH': '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin',
        'DEBIAN_FRONTEND': 'dialog',
        '_': '/usr/local/bin/jupyter',
        'PYDEVD_USE_FRAME_EVAL': 'NO',
        'JPY_PARENT_PID': '1',
        'CLICOLOR': '1',
        'PAGER': 'cat',
        'GIT_PAGER': 'cat',
        'MPLBACKEND': 'module://matplotlib_inline.backend_inline'}

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os.environ["HOME"]

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'/root'

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# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# system: Execute the command (a string) in a subshell.
#
os.system("ls /root")

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!rm -rf branch-0 renamed

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#
# Uso de glob para especificar wildcards
#
# import glob

# glob.glob("*.ipynb")

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#
# Ejecución de comandos y captura del retvalue
#
# os.system("ls /root")

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import subprocess

# output = subprocess.check_output(["ls", "-1"])
# output = output.decode("UTF-8")
# print(output)